Endorsements Available for Ø7Ø Club Members

 

The Ø7Ø Club offers special endorsements to acknowledge the achievements of the active PSKer and to spiff up that membership certificate as well. See below for general guidelines and instructions on how to get these nifty add-ons.

 

KJ4IZW's Ø7Ø Award Checker Program

 

General Guidlines for Ø7Ø Club Endorsements

  • 1. All endorsements are free and offered to Ø7Ø Club members only.
  • 2. Unless otherwise noted, all contacts must have been made after 1 June 2ØØØ using PSK31 mode on the HF bands (16ØM thru 6M).
  • 3. Unless otherwise noted, membership in the Ø7Ø Club at the time the contacts were made is not required.
  • 4. Unless otherwise noted, all endorsements have no expiration date.
  • 5. Please use the Online Endorsement Checker! This will process your ADIF log file, applying the rules for all of our endorsements and awards. After that, it will automatically submit any new qualifying items to the approval queue!!!  You'll then see your newly approved awards the next time that you upload!
 
If you have questions or issues, email  This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 


Endorsements with contacts from the Pacific and Down Under


Aloha
If you've worked Hawaii on PSK31, you qualify for the "Aloha" endorsement.



China Clipper
Fly the 070 Club's version of the China Clipper route and earn this "China Clipper" endorsement. To qualify work California, Hawaii, Japan, Taiwan and the Philippines on PSK31. Valid contacts are those made after 4 July 2001.



Wrk'd All Oz
If you have all six Australian states and the two territories in the log on PSK31, then you've earned yourself the "Wrk'd All Oz" endorsement, mate! Valid contacts are those made with Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Northern Territory, and Australian Capital Territory.



Endorsements with Special Stations


88 Tri-Band
Work three different female 070 Club members on PSK31 (one each on any three different HF bands, 160M thru 6M) and earn this "88 Tri-Band" endorsement. Valid contacts are those made on or after 1 July 2002.



K3VOA
Thanks to the efforts of K3NJ, the Voice of America ARC (QTH Washington, DC) is now a bona fide member of the 070 Club. If you worked K3VOA on or after 8 August 2001, you qualify for the " K3VOA" endorsement.



QRP
Hey QRPers, get a QRP-sized bumper sticker for your 070 certificate! Brag file only required listing your QRP set-up (max output 5 watts).



QRP Tri-Band
Work three different stations using PSK31/QRP. Contacts must be two way QRP (5W or less) and may be made on any three different HF bands of your choice (160M-6M). Valid contacts are those made after 31 December 2002.



Where in the world is Steve?
Work Steve W3HF while he's in 4 different places. This is an unofficial award, and is run by Steve W3HF who provides a custom certificate.



Endorsements for contacts with North and South America


Nunavut and the Rest of It - NA above 60
Work FOUR of these five entities - Nunavut, Northwest Territory, Yukon Territory, Alaska and Greenland starting 2014-09-01.



Alaska
If you have Alaska in the log on PSK31, you qualify for the "Alaska" endorsement.



Central-America
Work all seven countries of Central America on PSK31 and add the Central America endorsement to your certificate: (Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama).



Lower 48
If you've worked the entire continental United States (lower 48 states) on PSK31, you qualify for the "Lower 48" endorsement. Valid contacts are those made after 1 June 2000.



Maple Leaf
To earn the "Maple Leaf" endorsement, put the ten Canadian provinces in the log on PSK31: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan.



South American PSK31

South American PSK31 [4]
Announcing the South American PSK31 endorsement series! These endorsements shall be issued in a series of 3 separate endorsements. To earn the South American PSK31 endorsements, work the required number of political entities (4, 7, or the maximum 13) which make up the South American continent (see list below) using PSK31 mode on the hf bands. Valid contacts are those made after 27 May 2010 UTC. All stations worked must be located on continental South America, off-shore dependencies not valid (eg Easter Is). The following 13 South American political entities are valid for this endorsement: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Fr. Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela.


South American PSK31 [7]
Work seven total South American political entities.


South American PSK31 [13]
Work thirteen total South American political entities.



TripleDouble

DakotaDouble
Work 1 ND and 1 SD station starting 2014-09-01.


VirginiaDouble
Work 1 VA and 1 WV station starting 2014-09-01.


CarolinaDouble
Work 1 NC and 1 SC station starting 2014-09-01.


TripleDouble
Work 10 station-bands in the Dakotas (ND/SD), 10 station-bands in the Virginias (VA/WV), and 10 station-bands in the Carolinas (NC/SC). DakotaDouble, VirginiaDouble, and CarolinaDouble are pre-requisites (same QSOs may be used for TripleDouble). QSOs starting 2014-09-01.



US-CONUS-GRIDS

CONUS Grids [50]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50. We took the ARRL FFMA map (http://www.arrl.org/files/file/FFMA/FFMA_2010Map-C.pdf) and excluded the following (nearly all water or VE/XE): CM79 CM86 CM93 CM94 CN70 CN72 CN73 CN74 CN75 CN76 CN77 CN78 DL79 DL98 DM02 DM03 DM12 DM22 DM31 DM61 EL15 EL28 EL58 EL79 EL84 EL86 EN29 EN48 EN57 EN58 EN62 EN63 EN64 EN67 EN85 EN86 EN92 FM02 FM13 FM25 FM26 FM27 FN03 FN14 FN25 FN35 FN46 FN51 FN53 FN57 FN66 FN67


CONUS Grids [100]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50.


CONUS Grids [150]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50.


CONUS Grids [200]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50.


CONUS Grids [250]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50.


CONUS Grids [300]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50.


CONUS Grids [350]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50.


CONUS Grids [400]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50.


CONUS Grids [ALL]
Work US stations in 436 of the 488 CONUS gridsquares, in increments of 50.



US-STATE-GRIDS

AL State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM50 EM51 EM52 EM53 EM54 EM60 EM61 EM62 EM63 EM64 EM71 EM72 EM73 EM74


AR State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM23 EM24 EM25 EM26 EM33 EM34 EM35 EM36 EM43 EM44 EM45 EM46 EM55


AZ State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DM23 DM24 DM25 DM26 DM32 DM33 DM34 DM35 DM36 DM41 DM42 DM43 DM44 DM45 DM46 DM51 DM52 DM53 DM54 DM55 DM56


CA State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): CM87 CM88 CM89 CM95 CM96 CM97 CM98 CM99 CN71 CN80 CN81 CN90 CN91 DM04 DM05 DM06 DM07 DM08 DM13 DM14 DM15 DM16 DM17 DM23 DM24 DM25 DM26


CO State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DM57 DM58 DM59 DM67 DM68 DM69 DM77 DM78 DM79 DM87 DM88 DM89 DN50 DN60 DN70 DN80


CT State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FN31 FN32 FN41 FN42


DE State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FM28 FM29


FL State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EL87 EL88 EL89 EL94 EL95 EL96 EL97 EL98 EL99 EM60 EM70 EM80 EM90


GA State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM70 EM71 EM72 EM73 EM74 EM80 EM81 EM82 EM83 EM84 EM90 EM91 EM92 EM93


IA State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EN11 EN12 EN13 EN20 EN21 EN22 EN23 EN30 EN31 EN32 EN33 EN40 EN41 EN42 EN43


ID State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DN12 DN13 DN14 DN15 DN16 DN17 DN18 DN22 DN23 DN24 DN25 DN26 DN27 DN32 DN33 DN34 DN35 DN42 DN43 DN44


IL State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM48 EM49 EM57 EM58 EM59 EM68 EM69 EN40 EN41 EN42 EN50 EN51 EN52 EN60 EN61


IN State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM67 EM68 EM69 EM78 EM79 EN60 EN61 EN70 EN71 EM57


KS State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DM97 DM98 DM99 EM07 EM08 EM09 EM17 EM18 EM19 EM27 EM28 EM29


KY State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM56 EM57 EM66 EM67 EM76 EM77 EM78 EM79 EM86 EM87 EM88


LA State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EL39 EL49 EL59 EM30 EM31 EM32 EM40 EM41 EM42 EM50


MA State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FN32 FN41 FN42


MD State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FM09 FM18 FM19 FM28 FM29


ME State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FN43 FN44 FN45 FN54 FN55 FN56 FN64 FN65


MI State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EN46 EN55 EN56 EN61 EN65 EN66 EN71 EN72 EN73 EN74 EN75 EN76 EN81 EN82 EN83 EN84


MN State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EN13 EN14 EN15 EN16 EN17 EN18 EN23 EN24 EN25 EN26 EN27 EN28 EN33 EN34 EN35 EN36 EN37 EN38 EN43 EN44 EN46 EN47


MO State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM26 EM27 EM28 EM29 EM36 EM37 EM38 EM39 EM46 EM47 EM48 EM49 EM56 EM57 EN20 EN30 EN40


MS State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM41 EM42 EM43 EM44 EM50 EM51 EM52 EM53 EM54


MT State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DN25 DN26 DN27 DN28 DN34 DN35 DN36 DN37 DN38 DN44 DN45 DN46 DN47 DN48 DN55 DN56 DN57 DN58 DN65 DN66 DN67 DN68 DN75 DN76 DN77 DN78


NC State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM75 EM85 EM86 EM95 EM96 FM03 FM04 FM05 FM06 FM14 FM15 FM16


ND State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DN86 DN87 DN88 DN96 DN97 DN98 EN06 EN07 EN08 EN16 EN17 EN18


NE State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DN81 DN82 DN90 DN91 DN92 EN00 EN01 EN02 EN10 EN11 EN12 EN20 EN21


NH State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FN32 FN33 FN42 FN43 FN44 FN45


NJ State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FM28 FM29 FN20 FN21 FN30 FN31


NM State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DM51 DM52 DM53 DM54 DM55 DM56 DM62 DM63 DM64 DM65 DM66 DM72 DM73 DM74 DM75 DM76 DM82 DM83 DM84 DM85 DM86


NV State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DM07 DM08 DM09 DM16 DM17 DM18 DM19 DM25 DM26 DM27 DM28 DM29 DN00 DN01 DN10 DN11 DN20 DN21


NY State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FN02 FN12 FN13 FN20 FN21 FN22 FN23 FN24 FN30 FN31 FN32 FN33 FN34 FN41


OH State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM79 EM88 EM89 EM99 EN70 EN71 EN80 EN81 EN90 EN91


OK State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DM86 DM96 EM04 EM05 EM06 EM13 EM14 EM15 EM16 EM23 EM24 EM25 EM26


OR State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): CN82 CN83 CN84 CN85 CN92 CN93 CN94 CN95 DN02 DN03 DN04 DN05 DN12 DN13 DN14 DN15


PA State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM99 EN90 EN91 FM09 FM19 FM29 FN00 FN01 FN10 FN11 FN20 FN21 FN02


RI State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FN41 FN42


SC State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM83 EM84 EM85 EM92 EM93 EM94 EM95 FM03 FM04


SD State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DN83 DN84 DN85 DN93 DN94 DN95 EN02 EN03 EN04 EN05 EN12 EN13 EN14 EN15


TN State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM45 EM55 EM56 EM65 EM66 EM75 EM76 EM85 EM86 EM96


TX State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DL88 DL89 DL99 DM70 DM71 DM80 DM81 DM82 DM83 DM84 DM85 DM86 DM90 DM91 DM92 DM93 DM94 DM95 DM96 EL06 EL07 EL08 EL09 EL16 EL17 EL18 EL19 EL29 EL39 EM00 EM01 EM02 EM03 EM04 EM10 EM11 EM12 EM13 EM20 EM21 EM22 EM23 EM30 EM31


UT State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DM37 DM38 DM39 DM47 DM48 DM49 DM57 DM58 DM59 DN30 DN31 DN40 DN41 DN50


VA State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM86 EM87 EM96 EM97 FM06 FM07 FM08 FM09 FM16 FM17 FM18 FM19


VT State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): FN32 FN33 FN34 FN44


WA State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): CN85 CN86 CN87 CN88 CN95 CN96 CN97 CN98 DN05 DN06 DN07 DN08 DN16 DN17 DN18


WI State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EN34 EN35 EN36 EN42 EN43 EN44 EN45 EN46 EN52 EN53 EN54 EN55 EN56 EN65


WV State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): EM87 EM88 EM97 EM98 EM99 EN90 FM08 FM09 FM19


WY State Grids
Work this state's primary grids (w/any US station in the grid): DN41 DN42 DN43 DN44 DN51 DN52 DN53 DN54 DN61 DN62 DN63 DN64 DN71 DN72 DN73 DN74



WALC-NA
Work the Left Coast of North America and earn the WALC-NA endorsement! To qualify for the WALC-NA, work Alaska, British Columbia, Washington, Oregon and California on PSK31, one contact required in each state/province for a total of 5 contacts. Valid contacts are those made after 16 March 2009, 160M thru 6M only.



Endorsements for contacts from Around the World


24x7

24x7 [072]
Work each of the 168 (24*7) day-of-week-hour slots.



365

Clock and Calendar
Complete the entire 24x7 and 365+1 challenges.


Leap Year
Work a contact on Feb 29th of any year.


365 [090]
Work all 366 different calendar days, starting 2016-01-01.


365 [180]



365 [270]



365 [360]



365 [365]



365 [366]




Antarctica
Work the Antarctica continent starting 2014-09-01.



IOTA

IOTA [10]
Your goal is to work 250 different IOTA entities using PSK31 mode on the hf bands, 160 thru 6m. All contactsmust be made after 31 Dec 2008UTC. This endorsement is available in increments of 10, up to 250 entities worked. Addendum: A member who activates an IOTA entity will get credit for that entity, provided that at least one (1) PSK31 contact is made from that entity. This addendum is effective 01 Jan 2012 and will remain in effect for the duration of the IOTA endorsement. To apply, use the Online Endorsement Checker, and be sure that your logger is providing the IOTA adif field with proper RSGB IOTA values.


IOTA [20]



IOTA [30]



IOTA [40]



IOTA [50]



IOTA [60]



IOTA [70]



IOTA [80]



IOTA [90]



IOTA [100]



IOTA [110]



IOTA [120]



IOTA [130]



IOTA [140]



IOTA [150]



IOTA [160]



IOTA [170]



IOTA [180]



IOTA [190]



IOTA [200]



IOTA [210]



IOTA [220]



IOTA [230]



IOTA [240]



IOTA [250]




PSK GOLF

PSK GOLF [9]
For PSK Golf, the earth is divided into 18 "holes" where each hole is 18 major grid squares. PSK31 contacts on or after 2003-11-03 qualify.


PSK GOLF [18]
For PSK Golf, the earth is divided into 18 "holes" where each hole is 18 major grid squares. PSK31 contacts on or after 2003-11-03 qualify.



RCC

Ragchewers 3/30
Work at least three 30 minute or longer QSOs to become an official 070 Club Ragchewer!



TRI-WARC

TRI-WARC
To stimulate PSK31 on the WARC bands, the 070 Club offers the "TRI-WARC" pennant. Work three different stations on each of the WARC bands (30M, 17M and 12M) for a total of 9 contacts. Log info only required. Valid contacts are those made after 4 July 2001.


12/12M
For the WARCsters out there who have earned the TRI-WARC pennant (REQUIRED), work 12 different PSK31 stations total on 12M. Valid contacts are those made after 4 July 2001.


17/17M
For the WARCsters out there who have earned the TRI-WARC pennant (REQUIRED), work 17 different PSK31 stations total on 17M. Valid contacts are those made after 4 July 2001.


30/30M
For the WARCsters out there who have earned the TRI-WARC pennant (REQUIRED), work 30 different PSK31 stations total on 30M. Valid contacts are those made after 4 July 2001.



Top Band

Top Band
"Top Band" - Work 20 different stations on 160M using PSK31 mode to qualify for the Top Band endorsement. Valid contacts are those made on or after 01 January 2012.



WAC
Work each of the six ham radio world continents (EU, AF, AS, NA, SA and OC) on PSK31 and you qualify for the "WAC" endorsement. Use the current ARRL DXCC country list for reference.




 


The Ø7Ø Club maintains two email reflectors for our members on the Groups.io user group service.  They are our primary means of communication of club business to our members, so we encourage you to sign up!

 

Our main group is located here: groups.io/g/070Club

  Join by sending an email to: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 

Our contesting group is located heregroups.io/g/070ClubContests

  Join by sending an email to: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 

Please submit application emails to the EMAIL addressess above. Please include your Ø7Ø Club member number and callsign in your request email.

 

 

 

This page is not intended as a complete tutorial covering all facets of PSK station configuration. Instead, it is intended to be a quick overview providing links to other resources. It presumes you understand PSK operation at a basic level, consistent with the Ø7Ø Club's Intro to PSK page.

 

 

PSK Hardware

The classic PSK hardware configuration is a computer with sound card, an SSB transceiver, and an interface between the two (for audio signals and sometimes Push-To-Talk or PTT).

 

Transceiver

Virtually any SSB transceiver (or transmitter/receiver pair) can operate PSK if it has adequate frequency stability. Since the PSK signal is only 31 Hz wide, radios that drift more than a few Hz will be hard to track.

 

One generalization is that if your radio has DATA input/outputs, you are probably better off using them than using the MIC input and SPKR output. Not only can you leave your mic and speaker connected, but there are usually different gain settings for the DATA input (allowing you to keep the MIC gain set for your mic, and the DATA gain set for the computer's output), and the MIC input is often disabled when DATA PTT is selected (so your mic doesn't transmit room noises along with your PSK signal).

 

Small Wonder Labs has developed a series of PSK-only transceivers. Kits have been available for 80, 40, 30,20 and 10 Meters. Check with SWL regarding current availability.

 

Steven "Melt Solder" Weber, KD1JV, has just developed a design for a bare-bones "Unique PSK Transceiver" for 20M. This was recently reported on QRZ; design details are on Steven's page.

 

Computer

The basic requirement for a computer is sound input/output connections and the ability to run the software you want to run. Each software package has its own minimum requirements - refer to the web sites for each individual software package for its minimum configuration.

 

PTT operation can be handled in multiple ways. It's possible to use your radio's VOX circuits in some cases. The "classic" approach has been having the software trigger the RTS or DTR line on a conventional serial (COM) port, and using this to activate PTT. It's also possible to use a USB connection, though some software is not configured for this. And some software can use CAT commands, using an existing serial (or USB) connection between the computer and radio that you have for rig control. You'll have to figure out what works for your exact hardware/software combination, but be advised that some combinations may require a conventional serial port.

 

Milt, W8NUE, has developed an alternative to a computer. The NUE-PSK digital modem is a self-contained interface and modem, requiring only an external keyboard. More details are available on this kit from the AMQRP web site.

 

Some PDAs may have enough processing power and audio in/out capability to run PSK software. One of the more impressive demonstrations of this was Ken, WI7B's use of an AT&T Tilt cell phone as described on eHam.

 

Interface

There are lots of interfaces available - I won't try to describe the pros and cons of each. Some work better for some radios that others. Some preserve the MIC and SPKR connections, while others usurp them. Some have built-in VOX, or accept USB inputs, or even include a sound card (so they don't take over your computer's). This is just a list of ones that I have seen mentioned (in a positive way) recently.

 

Buxcom Rascal

US Interfaces Navigator

Rigblaster

RigExpert

MFJ-1275

Saratoga EZ-PSK

Tigertronics SignaLink

 

There are lots of DIY examples you can find if you Google the phrase "PSK interface". If you want to homebrew your own, a good place to start is Ernie, WM2U's web page.

 

Other Accessories

A number of "signal monitors" are available that purport to help you keep your PSK signal adjusted properly. Some people swear by them, others swear at them. Here's a list without commentary, so you can form your own judgments.

 

PSKMeter

IMD Meter

 

Software

There are many PSK software packages available. Many of the Windows packages use the PSKCORE.DLL "PSK engine" developed by Moe, AE4JY. Most of the differences are in the user interfaces, the "look and feel" of the packages. Many are freeware, some are shareware. Try out a few and make your decision.

 

Windows

Digipan

DM780 (part of the Ham Radio Deluxe package)

Hamscope

MixW

MultiPSK (French site; English mirror site)

WinPSK (mostly a prototype of how to use PSKCORE.DLL)

WinWarbler (part of the DX Labs Suite)

YG-PSK

Zakanaka (part of the Logger32 family)

 

Macintosh

cocoaModem

 

Linux

Fldigi

KPSK

TWPSK

 

 

WinCE

PocketDigi

 

Internet Services

 

ATT

 

 

Many thanks to Steve, W3HF, for this page.

 

 

PSK operators tend to hang out at certain frequencies on the bands. Some of the frequencies are dependent on the location of the station, due to local regulations or QRM. Here are the most common:

 

 

Band

Frequency kHz

160M

1807 (USA)

 

1838 (Europe)

80M

3580

40M

7070 (most popular)

 

7040 (Europe)

 

7028 (Japan)

30M

10138-10142

20M

14070

17M

18097

15M

21070

12M

24920

10M

28120

6M

50290 (USA)

 

50250 (Europe)

 

 

 

 

Almost all of these are the transceiver settings for USB operation, so most PSK signals are within the 3 kHz above these frequencies. (80M operation tends to be both above and below 3580, and there's always W1AW's code practice to avoid at 3581.5) By convention, BPSK is symmetric, you can also operate in LSB mode - just set your transceiver 3 kHz above these frequencies. (If you operate QPSK you'll have to use the "invert" setting in your software.)

 

Back in the early days of PSK31, the suggested operating frequencies all ended in ".150 kHz". This was at a time when tuning was done using the transceiver. Now that all PSK software is "click and tune", this level of detail is unnecessary. In fact, you only need to set your transceiver "near" the above frequencies, where "near" is defined as within a few hundred Hertz - you'll be able to tune in most of the activity with your software. But don't forget to tune around a bit when the waterfall is very active, as some stations may be operating outside of the "normal" range when there are a lot of stations on the air.

 

When you are operating USB, your actual transmitted frequency (the actual frequency of your PSK signal) will be equal to the sum of your transceiver setting plus the audio offset displayed in your software. Some people prefer to quote this as a sum, as in "14070 + 1200" for a transceiver set at 14070 kHz and a 1200 Hz offset. Others will state this as the sum itself, 14071.2 kHz. Both of these are exactly the same, as would be someone working the same station with a transceiver set at 14069.5 kHz and an audio offset of 1700 Hz. Note that if you are using LSB, you have to subtract the audio offset from the transceiver frequency. For the exact same operating frequency as above, an LSB station may be set at 14073 with an audio offset of 1800 Hz, which could also be quoted as "14073 -1800".

 

Many thanks to W3HF for the bulk of this page. The comment about W1AW came from K8IJ.